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    • Thermodynamic parameters at bio-nano interface and nanomaterial toxicity: A case study on BSA interaction with ZnO, SiO2 and TiO2 

      Precupas, Aurica; Gheorghe, Daniela; Botea-Petcu, Alina; Leonties, Anca Ruxandra; Sandu, Romica; Popa, Vlad Tudor; Mariussen, Espen; El Yamani, Naouale; Rundén-Pran, Elise; Dumit, Veronica; Xue, Ying; Cimpan, Mihaela Roxana; Dusinska, Maria; Haase, Andrea; Tanasescu, Speranta (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Understanding nanomaterial (NM)–protein interactions is a key issue in defining the bioreactivity of NMs with great impact for nanosafety. In the present work, the complex phenomena occurring at the bio/nano interface were ...

    • Car tire crumb rubber: Does leaching produce a toxic chemical cocktail in coastal marine systems? 

      Halsband-Lenk, Claudia; Sørensen, Lisbet; Booth, Andy; Herzke, Dorte (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Crumb rubber granulate (CRG) produced from end of life tires (ELTs) is commonly applied to synthetic turf pitches (STPs), playgrounds, safety surfaces and walkways. In addition to fillers, stabilizers, cross-linking agents ...

    • Evaluation of traffic control measures in Oslo region and its effect on current air quality policies in Norway 

      Sousa Santos, Gabriela; Sundvor, Ingrid; Vogt, Matthias; Grythe, Henrik; Haug, Tormod Wergeland; Høiskar, Britt Ann Kåstad; Tarrasón, Leonor (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Urban air pollution is a challenge in several European cities. For most Norwegian cities, the major challenge is the reduction of the NO2 annual mean concentration in order to comply with the limit value in the European ...

    • The influence of residential wood combustion on the concentrations of PM2.5 in four Nordic cities 

      Kukkonen, Jaakko; Lopez-Aparicio, Susana; Segersson, David; Geels, Camilla; Kangas, Leena; Kauhaniemi, Mari; Maragkidou, Androniki; Jensen, Anne; Assmuth, Timo; Karppinen, Ari; Sofiev, Mikhail; Hellén, Heidi; Riikonen, Kari; Nikmo, Juha; Kousa, Anu; Niemi, Jarkko; Karvosenoja, Niko; Sousa Santos, Gabriela; Sundvor, Ingrid; Im, Ulas; Christensen, Jesper H.; Nielsen, Ole-Kenneth; Plejdrup, Marlene S.; Nøjgaard, Jacob Klenø; Omstedt, Gunnar; Andersson, Camilla; Forsberg, Bertil; Brandt, Jørgen (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Residential wood combustion (RWC) is an important contributor to air quality in numerous regions worldwide. This study is the first extensive evaluation of the influence of RWC on ambient air quality in several Nordic ...

    • Satellite validation strategy assessments based on the AROMAT campaigns 

      Merlaud, Alexis; Belegante, Livio; Constantin, Daniel-Eduard; Den Hoed, Mirjam; Meier, Andreas Carlos; Allaart, Marc; Ardelean, Magdalena; Arseni, Maxim; Bösch, Tim; Brenot, Hugues; Calcan, Andreea; Dekemper, Emmanuel; Donner, Sebastian; Dörner, Steffen; Dragomir, Mariana Carmelia Balanica; Georgescu, Lucian; Nemuc, Anca; Nicolae, Doina; Pinardi, Gaia; Richter, Andreas; Rosu, Adrian; Ruhtz, Thomas; Schönhardt, Anja; Schuettemeyer, Dirk; Shaiganfar, Reza; Stebel, Kerstin; Tack, Frederik; Vajaiac, Sorin Nicolae; Vasilescu, Jeni; Vanhamel, Jurgen; Wagner, Thomas; Van Roozendael, Michel (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      The Airborne ROmanian Measurements of Aerosols and Trace gases (AROMAT) campaigns took place in Romania in September 2014 and August 2015. They focused on two sites: the Bucharest urban area and large power plants in the ...

    • Improving Quality in Nanoparticle-Induced Cytotoxicity Testing by a Tiered Inter-Laboratory Comparison Study 

      Nelissen, Inge; Haase, Andrea; Anguissola, Sergio; Rocks, Louise; Jacobs, An; Willems, Hanny; Riebeling, Christian; Luch, Andreas; Piret, Jean-Pascal; Toussaint, Olivier; Trouiller, Benedicte; Lacroix, Ghislaine; Gutleb, Arno C.; Contal, Servane; Diabaté, Silvia; Weiss, Carsten; Lozano-Fernandez, Tamara; Gonzalez-Fernandez, Africa; Dusinska, Maria; Huk, Anna; Stone, Vicki; Kanase, Nilesh; Nocun, Marek; Stepnik, Maciej; Meschini, Stefania; Ammendolia, Maria Grazia; Lewinski, Nastassja; Riediker, Michael; Venturini, Marco; Benetti, Frederico; Topinka, Jan; Brzicova, Tana; Milani, Silvia; Rädler, Joachim; Salvati, Anna; Dawson, Kenneth A. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      The quality and relevance of nanosafety studies constitute major challenges to ensure their key role as a supporting tool in sustainable innovation, and subsequent competitive economic advantage. However, the number of ...

    • Record‐Breaking Increases in Arctic Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Caused by Exceptionally Large Ozone Depletion in 2020 

      Bernhard, Germar H.; Fioletov, Vitali E.; Grooss, Jens-Uwe; Ialongo, Iolanda; Johnsen, Bjørn; Lakkala, Kaisa; Manney, Gloria L.; Müller, Rolf; Svendby, Tove Marit (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Measurements of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) performed between January and June 2020 at 10 Arctic and subarctic locations are compared with historical observations. Differences between 2020 and prior years are also ...

    • Revidert tiltaksutredning for lokal luftkvalitet i Stavanger 

      Weydahl, Torleif; Høiskar, Britt Ann Kåstad; Johnsrud, Mona; Ranheim, Patrick (NILU rapport;17/2020, Research report, 2020)
      Tiltaksutredningen for lokal luftkvalitet i Stavanger, med handlingsplan og tiltak, skal bidra til at forurensningsnivået holder seg innenfor kravene i forurensningsforskriften. I tillegg belyser denne utredningen tiltak ...

    • An assessment of the contribution of air pollution to the weathering of limestone heritage in Malta 

      Grøntoft, Terje; Cassar, JoAnn (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Malta is known for its limestone megalithic temples of which many are inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List. A variation of this limestone was historically, and until very few years ago, a primary building material ...

    • Uncovering transport, deposition and impact of radionuclides released after the early spring 2020 wildfires in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone 

      Evangeliou, Nikolaos; Eckhardt, Sabine (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      In the beginning of April 2020, large fires that started in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ) established after the Chernobyl accident in 1986 caused media and public concerns about the health impact from the resuspended ...

    • Hepato(Geno)Toxicity Assessment of Nanoparticles in a HepG2 Liver Spheroid Model 

      Elje, Elisabeth; Mariussen, Espen; Moriones, Oscar H.; Bastus, Neus G.; Puntes, Victor; Kohl, Yvonne; Dusinska, Maria; Rundén-Pran, Elise (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      (1) In compliance with the 3Rs policy to reduce, refine and replace animal experiments, the development of advanced in vitro models is needed for nanotoxicity assessment. Cells cultivated in 3D resemble organ structures ...

    • Arctic sea-ice loss intensifies aerosol transport to the Tibetan Plateau 

      Li, Fei; Wang, Huijun; Orsolini, Yvan J.; Cong, Zhiyuan; Gao, Yongqi; Kang, Shichang (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      The Tibetan Plateau (TP) has recently been polluted by anthropogenic emissions transported from South Asia, but the mechanisms conducive to this aerosol delivery are poorly understood. Here we show that winter loss of ...

    • Legacy and emerging flame retardants (FRs) in the urban atmosphere of Pakistan: Diurnal variations, gas-particle partitioning and human health exposure 

      Syed, Jabir Hussain; Iqbal, Mehreen; Breivik, Knut; Chaudhry, Muhammad Jamshed Iqbal; Shahnawaz, Muhammad; Abbas, Zaigham; Nasir, Jawad; Rizvi, Syed Hussain Haider; Taqi, Malik Mumtaz Hussain; Li, Jun; Zhang, Gan (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)

    • Can statistics of turbulent tracer dispersion be inferred from camera observations of SO2 in the ultraviolet? A modelling study. 

      Kylling, Arve; Ardeshiri, Hamidreza; Cassiani, Massimo; Dinger, Anna Solvejg; Park, Soon-Young; Pisso, Ignacio; Schmidbauer, Josef Norbert; Stebel, Kerstin; Stohl, Andreas (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Atmospheric turbulence and in particular its effect on tracer dispersion may be measured by cameras sensitive to the absorption of ultraviolet (UV) sunlight by sulfur dioxide (SO2), a gas that can be considered a passive ...

    • Multidecadal trend analysis of in situ aerosol radiative properties around the world 

      Coen, Martine Collaud; Andrews, Elisabeth; Alastuey, Andrés; Arsov, Todor Petkov; Backman, John; Brem, Benjamin T.; Bukowiecki, Nicolas; Couret, Cedric; Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos; Flentje, Harald; Fiebig, Markus; Gysel-Beer, Martin; Hand, Jenny; Hoffer, András; Hooda, Rakesh; Hueglin, Christoph; Joubert, Warren; Keywood, Melita; Kim, Jeong Eun; Kim, Sang-Woo; Labuschagne, Casper; Lin, Neng-Huei; Lin, Yong; Myhre, Cathrine Lund; Luoma, Krista; Lyamani, Hassan; Marinoni, Angela; Mayol-Bracero, Olga L.; Mihalopoulos, Nikos; Pandolfi, Marco; Prats, Natalia; Prenni, Anthony J.; Putaud, Jean-Philippe; Ries, Ludwig; Reisen, Fabienne; Sellegri, Karine; Sharma, Sangeeta; Sheridan, Patrick; Sherman, James Patrick; Sun, Junying; Titos, Gloria; Torres, Elvis; Tuch, Thomas; Weller, Rolf; Wiedensohler, Alfred; Zieger, Paul; Laj, Paolo (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      In order to assess the evolution of aerosol parameters affecting climate change, a long-term trend analysis of aerosol optical properties was performed on time series from 52 stations situated across five continents. The ...

    • Regionalized environmental impacts of construction machinery 

      Ebrahimi, Babak; Wallbaum, Holger; Jakobsen, Pål Drevland; Booto, Gaylord Kabongo (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      PURPOSE: This study aims to establish a regionalized environmental impact assessment of construction machinery equipped with diesel engines certified by the European emission standard Stage V, and operated in cold climatic ...

    • Benefit of ozone observations from Sentinel-5P and future Sentinel-4 missions on tropospheric composition 

      Quesada-Ruiz, Samuel; Attié, Jean-Luc; Lahoz, William A.; Abida, Rachid; Ricaud, Philippe; El Amraoui, Laaziz; Zbinden, Regina; Piacentini, Andrea; Joly, Mathieu; Eskes, Henk; Segers, Arjo; Curier, Lyana; de Haan, Johan; Kujanpää, Jukka; Nijhuis, Albert C. P. O.; Tamminen, Johanna; Timmermans, Renske; Veefkind, Pepijn (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      We present an observing simulated system experiment (OSSE) dedicated to evaluate the potential added value from the Sentinel-4 and the Sentinel-5P observations on tropospheric ozone composition. For this purpose, the ozone ...

    • Environmental pollutants in the terrestrial and urban environment 2019 

      Heimstad, Eldbjørg Sofie; Moe, Børge; Nygård, Torgeir; Herzke, Dorte; Bohlin-Nizzetto, Pernilla (NILU report;8/2020, Research report, 2020)
      Samples from the urban terrestrial environment in the Oslo area were analysed for various inorganic and organic environmental pollutants. The selected species were earthworm, fieldfare, sparrowhawk, brown rat, red fox and ...

    • On the Robustness of Field calibration for Smart air quality monitors 

      De Vito, Saverio; Esposito, Elena; Castell, Nuria; Schneider, Philipp; Bartonova, Alena (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      The robustness of field calibrated Air Quality Multi-sensors (AQM) performances to long term and/or mobile operation is still debated. Though accuracy generally exceeds the one of laboratory calibrations models, experimental ...

    • Embedding Ethical Impact Assessment in Nanosafety Decision Support 

      Malsch, Ineke; Isigonis, Panagiotis; Dusinska, Maria; Bouman, Evert (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Nanotechnology is a key enabling technology, which is developing fast and influences many aspects of life. Nanomaterials are already included in a broad range of products and industrial sectors. Nanosafety issues are still ...